Definition
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without
The word 'without' indicates the absence of something or someone.
‘without’这个词表示缺少某物或某人。
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She left the house without her keys.
她离开家时没有带钥匙。
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You cannot cook this recipe without salt.
你不能没有盐做这个食谱。
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He completed the project without any help.
他在没有任何帮助的情况下完成了这个项目。